ABSTRACT
COVID-19 infection has been a major topic of discussion on social media platforms since its pandemic outbreak in the year 2020. From daily activities to direct health consequences, COVID-19 has undeniably affected lives significantly. In this paper, we especially analyze the effect of COVID-19 on education by examining social media statements made via Twitter. We first propose a lexicon related to education. Then, based on the proposed dictionary, we automatically extract the education-related tweets and also the educational parameters of learning and assessment. Afterwards, by analyzing the content of the tweets, we determine the location of each tweet. Then the sentiments of the tweets are analyzed and examined to extract the frequency trends of positive and negative tweets for the whole world, and especially for countries with a significant share of COVID-19 cases. According to the analysis of the trends, individuals were globally concerned about education after the COVID-19 outbreak. By comparing between the years 2020 and 2021, we discovered that due to the sudden shift from traditional to electronic education, people were significantly more concerned about education within the first year of the pandemic. However, these concerns decreased in 2021. The proposed methodology was evaluated using quantitative performance metrics, such as the F1-score, precision, and recall. © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
ABSTRACT
In 2020, COVID-19 became one of the most critical concerns in the world. This topic is even still widely discussed on all social networks. Each day, many users publish millions of tweets and comments around this subject, implicitly showing the public's ideas and points of view regarding this subject. In this regard, to extract the public's point of view in various countries at the early stages of this outbreak, a dataset of Coronavirus-related tweets in the English language has been collected, which consists of more than two million tweets starting from 23 March until 23 June 2020. To this end, we first use a lexicon-based approach with the GeoNames geographic database to label each tweet with its location. Next, a method based on the recently introduced and widely cited Roberta model is proposed to analyse each tweet's sentiment. Afterwards, some analysis showing the frequency of the tweets and their sentiments is reported for each country and the world as a whole. We mainly focus on the countries with Coronavirus as a hot topic. Graph analysis shows that the frequency of the tweets for most countries is significantly correlated with the official daily statistics of COVID-19. We also discuss some other extracted knowledge that was implicit in the tweets. © 2022 World Scientific Publishing Co.
ABSTRACT
Because of the increasing cases of COVID-19 and the lack of effective drugs for novel coronavirus pneumonia, there is an urgent need to find efficient targeted drugs. Based on the analysis of the disease spectrum in China, in addition to quarantine, a great number of patients require treatment immediately. In the absent of successful randomized controlled trials (RCTs), old anti-viral drugs and methods were used to treat patients that have been marketed for other purposes, such as anti-malarial drugs, biotherapy, interferon, and safety adjustment and as well as old Chinese medicine. Studies on the effects of plasma on improved patients are promising. Several pharmaceutical companies have also begun testing for the vaccine all around the world. Tocilizumab, the most effective way to inhibit CRS during cell therapy studies on chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and Karrizumab, as an inhibitor of immune system in NCP treatment, are highly important in treating the disease. Under the brand name of Actemra, Tocilizumab was received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration on January 8, 2010. Tocilizumab Injection was used to treat adults with giant cells arthritis (GCA) and inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis). The use of this drug in the treatment of COVID-19 provides a significant remedial response because it is an anti-interleukin-6 receptor and recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody. © 2021, Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
On 31 December 2019, in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, a new type of coronavirus was identified for the first time with a human epidemic after people got pneumonia for no apparent reason and vaccines and treatments were not effective. A survey of the infected persons with the virus found that two-thirds of them were linked to the wholesale seafood market in Huvanan, where live animals are also sold. Novel Coronavirous causes severe respiratory illness that has infected more than 80,000 people and killed at least 3,000 in China up to now. Currently, more than 100,000 people have been diagnosed with the disease in eighty countries, including Thailand, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Singapore, Nepal, Vietnam, Indonesia, Germany, Russia, Fiji, France, Iran, and United States. Human-to-human transmission of the virus has also been confirmed. Coronaviruses are spread primarily by close contact, especially through respiratory droplets caused by coughing and sneezing, up to 6 ft. RNA virus has also been found in stool samples from infected patients. Studies have shown that the virus can transmit at least four people in a chain and can even become infectious during the incubation period. Symptoms include fever, dry cough and sometimes respiratory problems such as shortness of breath, and sore throat and runny nose. However, according to the WHO, the transmission from asymptomatic people is more likely. Coronavirus can infect the environment and even hospitals by contacting door handles, beds, buttons, desks, bed edges, and other metal and plastic surfaces that are in direct contact with the patient. The results also showed that high humidity increases the lifespan of the coronavirus. These studies indicated that coronaviruses can persist on different surfaces for an average of 4 to 5 days. Some of them can survive outside the body for up to 9 days at room temperature. © 2021, Annals of R.S.C.B. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 is increasing. Here we present the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in Arak, Iran. Methods: In this study, 139 COVID-19 confirmed cases from 15 February to 15 March 2020 in Arak, Iran, were investigated. The clinical signs, symptoms, laboratory and radiological findings and outcomes were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 55.41 years (S.D.: 17.11) and 55.40% of them were males. 26.81% of patients had recently traveled to other epidemic cities. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (71.64%), cough (67.16%), shortness of breath (55.22%), muscle ache (50.00%) and the most prevalent complications were taste and smell disruption (29.5%), weakness (22.3%), anorexia (20.1%) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (15.8%). Almost half of the patients had lymphopenia, an elevated level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). In terms of outcome, 9.3% of patients needed an ICU admission as a result of ARDS in which 15.32% were directly admitted to the ICU. 43.2% of patients have been discharged and the case fatality rate (CFR) was estimated as 11.5%. Conclusion: COVID-19 pneumonia usually occurred at an age older than 50 years and in the male gender. The most common initial clinical laboratories and radiological presentations are fever, cough, lymphopenia with elevated CRP and ESR and Bilateral mixed ground-glass opacities with consolidation. © 2020 Mousavi-Hasanzadeh et al.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 has now turned into a global crisis affecting all sections of economy and investment. Many interventions have been applied to control the COVID-19 epidemic. It seems that these measures and plans need to be assessed in the coming weeks and months to determine whether or not they have been effective. Each of these interventions started in their appropriate time during the epidemic;some of them are still in progress and some have been lifted. Nevertheless, improved public knowledge, attitude, and practice has played the most important role in controlling the COVID-19 epidemic. Future studies should take into account such interventions.
ABSTRACT
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Understanding the spreading routes of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for patient management and defining biosafety strategies for public and health care workers. Objectives: In the current study, the virus shedding in the upper respiratory as well as blood, stool, and urine specimens of infected patients, was examined using quantitative real-time PCR assay (qRT-PCR).